Application of flipped classroom model from the perspective of POA theory in the training of students during standardized residency training in department of hepatic surgery / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the application of flipped classroom teaching in the standardized residency training of students in department of hepatic surgery from the perspective of production-oriented approach (POA) theory.Methods:Based on the implementation time of flipped classroom teaching (January 2017) from the perspective of POA theory in West China Hospital, 51 nursing students who were routinely trained in department of hepatic surgery before the implementation (January 2015 to January 2017) were included in the control group. After the implementation (January 2017 to January 2019), 51 nursing students under the residency training were included in the observation group. The changes of test scores, independent learning ability and professional awareness of the two groups of nursing students before and 6 months after the training were compared, and the teaching satisfaction after the training was recorded. SPSS 19.0 was performed for t test and chi-square test. Results:The total scores of the theoretical examination scores of the two groups of nursing students, the total scores of the clinical practice assessment scores, and the self-learning ability assessment scale for nursing college students (learning motivation, self-management ability, learning cooperation ability, information literacy) scores and total scores in each dimension were significantly higher than those before training, and the observation group was significantly higher than the control group ( P<0.05); the two groups of professional maturity scales (career goals, professional self-confidence, professional autonomy, professional value, dependence on relatives and friends, occupation reference) scores of all dimensions were significantly improved compared with those before the training, and the scores of the observation group (career goals, professional self-confidence, professional autonomy, professional value) were significantly higher than those of the control group during the same period ( P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the comparison between the two groups' dependence on relatives and friends and occupational reference scores ( P>0.05); the teaching satisfaction rate of nursing students in the observation group was 96.08%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (82.35%). Conclusion:The application of flipped classroom teaching from the perspective of POA theory in the standardized residency training of department of hepatic surgery can significantly improve the autonomous learning ability of nursing students, which is conducive to the improvement of test scores and professional awareness, with high teaching satisfaction.

Repurposing carrimycin as an antiviral agent against human coronaviruses, including the currently pandemic SARS-CoV-2

COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection severely threatens global health and economic development. No effective antiviral drug is currently available to treat COVID-19 and any other human coronavirus infections. We report herein that a macrolide antibiotic, carrimycin, potently inhibited the cytopathic effects (CPE) and reduced the levels of viral protein and RNA in multiple cell types infected by human coronavirus 229E, OC43, and SARS-CoV-2. Time-of-addition and pseudotype virus infection studies indicated that carrimycin inhibited one or multiple post-entry replication events of human coronavirus infection. In support of this notion, metabolic labelling studies showed that carrimycin significantly inhibited the synthesis of viral RNA. Our studies thus strongly suggest that carrimycin is an antiviral agent against a broad-spectrum of human coronaviruses and its therapeutic efficacy to COVID-19 is currently under clinical investigation.

Cost-effectiveness of Morse Fall Scale assessment in fall prevention care in hospitalized patients / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#To analyze the cost-effectiveness of the Morse Fall Scale by clinical big data for nurses in the prevention of falls in hospitalized patients.@*METHODS@#A total of 59 358 hospitalized patients, who came from the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University in 1 year before nurses were trained by the Morse Fall Scale, served as a control, including 26 862 males and 32 496 females. While the 66 203 hospitalized patients served as an observation group in 1 year after nurses were trained by the Morse Fall Scale, including 29 881 males and 36 322 females. The time spent by clinical nurses in the fall-risk assessment and the fall number were recorded in the 2 groups, and the relationship was analyzed between the Morse Fall Scale assessment and the clinical ending along with the labor cost of nursing. The cost-effectiveness was analyzed. In addition, the incidence of fall in the observation group was compared between the falling high-risk patients and the non-high-risk patients.@*RESULTS@#The Morse Fall Scale showed that the incidences of fall in the observation group and the control group were 3.39/100 000 and 3.82/100 000,respectively, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups (@*CONCLUSIONS@#The evaluation of the Morse Fall Scale has a certain effect, but it is limited in the prevention of falls in adult hospitalized patients, and the cost-effectiveness analysis is not good. It is recommended to implement the intervention measures for high-risk patients after the assessment, which may improve the management level and efficiency of fall prevention.

Analysis on the imported Coronavirus Disease 2019 related cluster epidemic in rural areas of Chengdu / 中华预防医学杂志

An epidemiological investigation was carried out on a local cluster of outbreak caused by imported cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in rural areas of Chengdu in December 2020, to find out the source of infection and the chain of transmission. According to

Reciprocal regulation between lunapark and atlastin facilitates ER three-way junction formation

Three-way junctions are characteristic structures of the tubular endoplasmic reticulum (ER) network. Junctions are formed through atlastin (ATL)-mediated membrane fusion and stabilized by lunapark (Lnp). However, how Lnp is preferentially enriched at three-way junctions remains elusive. Here, we showed that Lnp loses its junction localization when ATLs are deleted. Reintroduction of ATL1 R77A and ATL3, which have been shown to cluster at the junctions, but not wild-type ATL1, relocates Lnp to the junctions. Mutations in the N-myristoylation site or hydrophobic residues in the coiled coil (CC1) of Lnp N-terminus (NT) cause mis-targeting of Lnp. Conversely, deletion of the lunapark motif in the C-terminal zinc finger domain, which affects the homo-oligomerization of Lnp, does not alter its localization. Purified Lnp-NT attaches to the membrane in a myristoylation-dependent manner. The mutation of hydrophobic residues in CC1 does not affect membrane association, but compromises ATL interactions. In addition, Lnp-NT inhibits ATL-mediated vesicle fusion in vitro. These results suggest that CC1 in Lnp-NT contacts junction-enriched ATLs for proper localization; subsequently, further ATL activity is limited by Lnp after the junction is formed. The proposed mechanism ensures coordinated actions of ATL and Lnp in generating and maintaining three-way junctions.

Prenatal education increases breastfeeding rate of preterm infants in neonatal intensive care unit / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of maternal prenatal education on promoting breastfeeding rate for preterm infants in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Methods Gravidas who were admitted to Peking University First Hospital for any risk of preterm delivery from November 2013 to December 2014 and preterm infants admitted to the NICU (length of stay ≥ 5 d) of the same hospital during the same period were involved.All the gravidas received prenatal education and completed questionnaires.Two hundred and ninety-five preterm infants who met the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups including education group (n=125) and non-education group (n=170) according to whether their mothers received prenatal education or not.Conditions of the preterm infants during hospitalization and after discharge and breastfeeding rates were comparatively analyzed between the two groups.T test,Chi-test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test were used for statistical analysis.Results (1) There were 380 gravidas received questionnaires.Among them,346 (91.1％)completed the questionnaires and were recruited in this study.Only 31.8％ (110/346) of these gravidas were active in learning more about breastfeeding and 46.2％ (160/346) of them lacked confidence in breastfeeding after the appearance of preterm delivery signs.There were significant improvements in their attitudes towards considering breastfeeding seriously and discussing with their family,confidence in breastfeeding,the importance of colostrum and how to breastfeed a preterm infant in hospital after maternal prenatal education (all P＜0.001).Prenatal education was thought to be helpful in 77.5％ (268/346) of the gravidas.(2) The two groups of preterm infants showed good homogeneities in gestational age,gender,birth weight and other basal conditions as well as in incidences of in-hospital complications and conditions after discharge (all P＞0.05).Proportions of breast milk intake (breast milk intake over total dairy intake) in preterm infants were higher in education group than those in non-education group within 5 d after birth [0.0 (0.0-16.5)％ vs 0.0 (0.0-2.5)％,Z=-3.422],＞5-≤ 7 d [33.7 (0.0-82.8)％ vs 0.0 (0.0-50.3)％,Z=-3.070],＞7-≤ 14 d [75.2(23.5-96.4)％ vs 47.6(0.0-92.2)％,Z=-2.345] and during hospitalization [58.4 (21.0-78.8)％ vs 31.9 (0.0-71.7)％,Z=-3.902] (all P＜0.05).Breastfeeding rates were higher in education group than those in non-education group at the age of 5 d [47.2％(59/125) vs 27.1％ (46/170),x2=12.747],7 d [70.4％ (88/125) vs 51.2％ (87/170),x2=11.031],three months [83.3％(65/78) vs 56.1％ (60/107),x2=15.297] and six months [64.5％ (49/76) vs 49.1％ (53/108),x2=4.282] (all P＜0.05).Exclusive breastfeeding rates in the first,third and sixth months after birth were higher in education group [45.7％(53/116),42.3％ (33/78) and 36.9％ (28/76)] than those in non-education group [21.3％ (32/150),28.0％ (30/107)and 22.2％ (24/108)] (22=17.847,4.091 and 4.703,all P＜0.05),respectively.Conclusions Most gravidas with risk factors of preterm delivery have no confidence on breastfeeding.Prenatal maternal education is an effective and feasible intervention to improve breastfeeding rate for preterm infants in NICU from early hospitalization till six months after birth.

Investigation on cervical HPV infection situation among 3 315 females in western Guangxi area / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the infection status quo and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus(HPV) infection situation among females in west Guangxi area.Methods Cervical exfoliative cells samples from 3 315 women were collected to detect HPV genotyping with Cape flow-through hybridization.Then the results were statistically analyzed.Results The overall HPV infection rate was 21.30%(706/3 315),in the females of HPV positive infection,the high-risk type infection was predominant,accounting for 89.52%(632/706).The HPV infection type was dominated by single type infection,accounting for 72.66% the double infection accounted for 22.10%(156/706). The 21 HPV subtypes were detected.The high-risk HPV subtypes with high detection rate were HPV52(26.77%),HPV16(15.30%) and HPV58(15.01%).The low-risk HPV subtypes with high detection rate were HPV CP8304(11.90%) and HPV6(3.68%).The HPV subtypes were distributed differently at different ages.In 7 age groups of≤20,>20-30,>30-40,>40-50,>50-60,>60-70,>70 years old,the infection rates of high risk HPV were 21.62%(8/37), 19.26%(120/623),17.66%(220/1 246), 14.88%(153/1 028), 16.83%(51/303),15.52%(9/58) and 30.00%(6/20) respectively,showing no statistically significant differences among them(χ2=10.019,P=0.124).Conclusion Cervical HPV infection are mainly high-risk HPV subtypes and single type infection in females of western Guangxi area.The HPV subtypes with high infection rate are 52,16,58 and CP8304.

Serum Uric Acid Level and Its Influencing Factors in Children with Primary Nephrotic Syndrome / 中国医科大学学报

Objective To explore the correlation between serum uric acid levels and uric acid excretion indexes in children with primary nephrot?ic syndrome(PNS),and to reveal the prevalence of hyperuricemia and its possible causes in PNS. Methods The clinical data in 74 cases of pe?diatric PNS were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were grouped as hyperuric acid(HUA)or non?hyperuric acid(NUA),and their clinical features and laboratory findings were compared between two groups,including age,serum uric acid,serum creatinine,urea,cystatin C,triglycer?ide,cholesterol,albumin,creatinine clearance rate,24 hours urine uric acid,serum uric acid/serum creatinine,uric acid clearance,and the frac?tional excretion of uric acid and other indicators of differences. In addition ,a correlation analysis was carried out for the excretion of uric acid index. Results Several factors were lower in HUA group than that of NUA group ,such as the serum albumin and fractional excretion of uric acid(P1=0.034,P2=0.025);while the serum cystatin C and serum uric acid/serum creatinine ratio(P1=0.038,P2=0.001)was higher in HUA group. The uric acid excretion was negatively correlated with serum uric acid levels in all 74 children with PNS(r=-0.43,P=0.016),and the serum uric acid/creatinine ratio was positively correlated with serum uric acid(r=0.486,P=0.001). Conclusion Both the increase of blood uric acid production and excretion reduction were observed in children with PNS ,and the serum uric acid levels and renal tubular function is closely related.

Effects of two breathholding and exerting methods on the second labor course of primiparas / 现代临床护理

To explore the effects of two breathholding and exerting methods on the second labor course of primiparas.Methods Six hundred primiparas were divided according to the admission time into two groups: the control group and observation group. The former took conventional breathholding and exerting method and the latter breathholding and exerting method with breathing techniques. The two groups were compared in terms of outcome of delivery, rate of episiotomy, time for breathholding and exerting and the hemorrhage volume 2h after delivery, perineal laceration and neonate asphyxia.Results The rate of spontaneous delivery in the observation group was higher than that in the control group. The rate of episiotomy, bleeding volume 2h after delivery and perineal laceration were lower. The breathholding time was significantly shorter(P<0.05).Conclusion Breathholding and exerting at the second stage of labor can reduce energetic consumption and improve the outcome of delivery.

Research in effect of entire process nursing intervention during nebulization treatment of acute wheezing episodes in school-age children / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the effect of entire process nursing intervention during nebulization treatment of acute wheezing episodes in school-age children.Methods One hundred and forty-one children with acute wheezing episodes were divided into the experimental group (75 patients) and the control group (66 patients) by whether willing to accept nursing intervention or not,respectively.Routine nursing such as cognition of wheezing knowledge and respiration instruction was given to both groups,while specialists accompanied the whole procedure of inhalation treatment and they gave nursing intervention such as respiration,saliva swallow,expiration through nose,grasp of inhalation tank and body position maintenance to the experimental group.The improvement of wheezing and subjective sense by the patients,transcutaneous oxygen saturation (SaO_2),and the compliance of patients were measured and evaluated.Results Improvement of wheezing and comfort feeling were found in 97.3% of the experimental group,while 80.3% of the control group.And SaO_2 value (higher than 95%) was 92.0% in the experimental group,75.8% in the control group.The compliance of the experimental group was also better than the control group.Conclusions Entire process nursing intervention during nebulization treatment can improve clinical effect and the compliance of wheezing children.